Optimal Leadership  by Wayne M. Angel, Ph.D.
The Causes of Organization Failure: Faulty Beliefs













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The Quest - A Preface

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Optimal Leadership
  The Optimal Organization
  Causes of Organization Failure
    Introduction
    Complexity
    Power Disparity & Wants Frustration
    Faulty Beliefs
      Who Decides?
      Examples
      Should You Correct a Faulty Belief?
    Playing the Odds
    The Malaise of Mediocrity
    The Alpha Passion
    Other Possibilities
  Creating the Optimal Organization
  The Optimal Change Agent


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There are two sides to reality; that which is, and that which we believe.  The two are not the same.  A slight extension of Gödel's indeterminacy principle says that if by chance that which "we happen to believe" and that which "truly is" are the same, we cannot prove it.  This is particularly difficult for the "True Believer" to recognize.  (See "The True Believer", Erik Hoffer.) This uncertainty about our understanding of reality is a well recognized condition in science.  It is ultimately the reason why science is largely structured toward disproving hypotheses.

Of course, that which "we believe" is a part of that which "truly is." When forecasting the outcome in a complex human system we must take into account that which "is believed."

A practical approach is to think of our beliefs as a mimetically evolving system.  I will discuss mimetics and memetics at length in the theoretical section.  For the moment it is enough to understand the term “meme” as meaning ideas, fads, beliefs, knowledge, etc.  Those memes that improve our desired outcomes tend to survive and propagate and those that do not tend to die out.  Some memes tells us what to want.  Those memes that successfully tell us what to want and then fulfill that want can, if well crafted, propagate much like a virus.  (See "Gödel, Escher, and Bach," by Douglas Hoffstadter for examples.) The future of a complex human system is determined by that which "truly is" and the state of the memetic and mimetic systems.

It is a perfectly natural tendency to believe we know the faulty beliefs of another and to want to correct them.  It is far more practical to address our own.  Even so there are times when another's beliefs do affect our wants and goals, and it may be necessary to attempt to change that belief. 

Whether we are trying to detect our own faulty beliefs or believe that we must correct the faulty beliefs of others, we need a means to judge if a belief is faulty.  The obvious answer is, of course, to test the belief by using it to predict a specific future outcome.  Sometimes a faulty belief comes packaged in a complex of memes which has a built in strategy to set the believer up to ignore logical argument against the belief.  These are very difficult to over come and can be a very serious cause of organization failure. 

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